The “Health Care Reform Act of 1992,” deregulated New Jersey’s health care, which then tied healthcare rates to hospital costs and imposed a 19.1% surcharge on private insurance rates to subsidize uninsured patients. Under the new system, insurers were required to issue insurance to applicants with pre-existing conditions, but the lack of an individual mandate caused healthy individuals to drop coverage when insurance premiums increased dramatically. New Jersey also purportedly kept an all-payer claims database prior to the Act.