HOSPITAL PATIENT PROTECTION. Creates the Hospital Patient Protection Act. Provides for minimum direct care registered professional nurse-to-patient staffing ratios in hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, and ambulatory surgical treatment centers. Sets forth essential functions of direct care registered professional nurses relating to hospital patient care. Sets forth certain rights of direct care registered professional nurses, including the rights to protected speech and patient advocacy. Prohibits a hospital, long-term acute care hospital, and ambulatory surgical treatment center from interfering with a nurse’s exercise of those rights, and prohibits other retaliatory or discriminatory action by a hospital.